60% of the population of Morocco lives on the coast, and flooding and sea level rise are expected to significantly affect these populations.[14] These effects are expected to have the largest impact on economic activities, including tourism, agriculture, and industry.[14] Contact online >>
60% of the population of Morocco lives on the coast, and flooding and sea level rise are expected to significantly affect these populations.[14] These effects are expected to have the largest impact on economic activities, including tourism, agriculture, and industry.[14]
Morocco experienced an unprecedented heat wave in spring 2022, with temperatures far above the seasonal average, attributed to climate change. A dry winter and a five-year trend of declining annual rainfall have contributed to severe water scarcity and adversely affected the agricultural sector. The rise in temperatures is linked to increased greenhouse gas emissions, deforestation, and urbanization.[20]
Imider, a water-stressed community in Morocco''s southeast, faces climate change-induced water scarcity. The indigenous Amazigh people have traditionally depended on an efficient irrigation system known as ''khettara,'' but rising temperatures and drought, along with phosphate and silver mining in the region, threaten this centuries-old method.[21]
Lagoon systems face a heightened risk to sea level rise across Morocco. The Nador Lagoon is one of the largest in Morocco and works to block the high salinity of the Mediterranean and protect the mainland from sea level rise through a barrier island, which averages 350m in width.[22] These lagoons are vital to the protection of the mainland coastline and the country''s water supply, but have become increasingly vulnerable to the effects of climate change.[22]
Morocco''s energy policy is set independently by two agencies of the government: the Office of Hydrocarbons and Mining (ONHYM)[46] which sets domestic oil policy, and the Office National de l''Electricité (ONE),[47] which sets policy with regard to electricity. The two major weaknesses of the energy policy of Morocco are the lack of coordination between these two agencies and the lack of development of domestic energy sources.[48]
Morocco ranked second in its approach to addressing climate change in the 2018 and 2019 Climate Change Performance Index.[50][51][52] (CCPI), Based on 2022 CCPI, Morocco was ranked 8th amongst the 68 countries around the world with an overall score of 71.64% in terms of preparedness for climate change.[53]
The government of Morocco has a Plan Verde strategy in order to cope with climate change.[54] In this plan, the government commits to producing over half of its energy by renewables by 2030, removing subsidies of fossil fuels, committing to green employment, focusing on ocean resource management and preserving aquifers.[54]
Morocco intends to generate 52 percent of its electricity from renewable sources by 2030, with 20 percent coming from solar, 20 percent from wind, and 12 percent from hydropower.[55]
In 2023, Morocco''s finance minister, Nadia Fettah Alaoui, highlighted the need to adapt the country''s economy to address the escalating threat of climate change. Droughts caused by below-average rainfall linked to climate change have significantly impacted Morocco''s agriculture, and the country''s economy grew just 1.2% in 2022, down from 7.9% the previous year. To address the water scarcity challenge, the government is focusing on investing in water technologies and further accelerating growth sectors like car manufacturing.[56]
Rabat, 25 November 2024 (ECA) – The webinar on "The Challenges and Impact of Climate Change on Employment in North Africa," organized by the UN Economic Commission for Africa''s Office for North Africa on Monday 25 November highlighted crucial reforms needed as economies in the subregion face increasing impacts of climate change.
North Africa is experiencing accelerated climate warming, with summer temperatures projected to exceed 46°C by 2050. Simultaneously, the sub-region may become a destination for climate refugees, whose global numbers are expected to reach 700 million by 2030 and 1.2 billion by 2050, experts warned during the meeting.
These trends are likely to have profound impacts on North Africa''s job markets, which are already grappling with challenges such as high unemployment rates for women and youths, alongside a persistent mismatch between workforce skills and employer demands.
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