Google has hailed the imminent completion of a project to retrofit one of its data centres in Europe with battery energy storage system (BESS) technology as a step towards rolling out similar solutions across its fleet of global facilities. Contact online >>
Google has hailed the imminent completion of a project to retrofit one of its data centres in Europe with battery energy storage system (BESS) technology as a step towards rolling out similar solutions across its fleet of global facilities.
The search engine and tech giant this morning announced a number of milestones achieved on various renewable and clean energy projects at sites in three European countries and Chile in South America.
All of these help to take the company closer to its goal of 24/7 carbon-free energy (CFE) by 2030 in real-time, as opposed to carbon neutral through matching local energy use with renewable generation elsewhere.
Three new large-scale renewable energy facilities it has contracted with are now operational: 125MW of wind turbines delivered by AES Chile for Google''s first Latin America-based data centre in Biobio, Chile, a power purchase agreement for 60% of the output of a 211MW wind farm to power a data centre in Hamina, Finland, and a 54.5MW solar PV power plant in Denmark which takes Google''s solar capacity in the country to more than 150MWh.
Progress has also been made at the company''s data centre in Saint-Ghislain, Belgium, with a battery storage project fully installed, tested and being prepared to go into full service.
When the Saint-Ghislain retrofit was announced in December 2020, Google described it as a first step in taking data centres "from climate change problems to critical components in carbon-free systems".
Google VP of global data centres Joe Kava at the time called batteries "multi-talented team players," capable of providing grid services and integrating higher shares of renewables to local energy networks.
Previously, when the data centre facility suffered an outage of power, the main source of backup was diesel generators. Kava noted that in 2020, around 20GW of diesel generators were being used as backup by the global data centre industry.
Instead, the addition of batteries provides low-carbon backup to the data centre''s operations, but crucially, Google also recognised that battery storage can play multiple roles to help balance the electrical grid. This is especially handy as the batteries'' normal mode of operation at the hyper scale data centre is to sit idly, waiting to be called upon.
Google said it has partnered with Centrica Business Solutions and energy storage technology provider and integrator Fluence on the battery project and it will soon begin providing grid services to Belgium''s transmission operator Elia.
"We have now fully installed and tested the battery and are preparing to use it to support the Belgian grid. This will advance our clean energy goals in Belgium, but what we are most excited about is the potential to scale battery-based technologies across our global portfolio of data centres," the company posted on its Google Cloud corporate blog today.
In a separate announcement, Centrica Business Solutions — the sustainable commercial and industrial (C&I) energy solutions subsidiary of multinational utility Centrica — said its FlexPond software will be used to control the flexible storage and dispatch of energy from the Saint-Ghislain data centre''s batteries into Elia ancillary services markets.
"Managed correctly, we can not only support data centres to operate more sustainably, but also deliver grid scale flexibility – balancing the volatility of renewable energy, in support of a 100% zero carbon energy network of tomorrow," Centrica Business Solutions International director Arno Van Mourik said.
Centrica Business Solutions said the data centre is equipped with 5.5MWh of battery storage, of which 2.75MWh will be optimised for participation in Belgian grid demand response programmes. The battery storage will be aggregated with other distributed energy assets.
The potential for battery storage in Belgium has recently become rapidly apparent, with a handful of large-scale projects by other players in the market, including two of 25MW/100MWh at advanced stages of development or construction already, having reached financial close.
"Google is pleased to drive technology innovation at the intersection of the data centre and energy industries, particularly when our innovations catalyse benefits beyond our own operations," Google''s senior lead for data centre energy and infrastructure Marc Oman said in a statement provided to Centrica Business Solutions.
"Our new battery project is a great example of this: not only will it allow Google to operate more cleanly during interruptions to grid reliability, but through our collaboration with Centrica, our battery will help the Belgian electricity grid maintain its target frequency and stay in balance."
Elsewhere, in Nevada, Google is developing a solar-plus-storage project to power its US$600 million data centre near Las Vegas, together with regional utility NV Energy. The tech giant is also in a collaborative partnership to provide 90% carbon-free energy from a mixed 500MW portfolio of wind, solar, hydroelectric and battery storage with power and renewables company AES Corporation for a data centre in Virginia.
Google recently also signed up to join the Long Duration Energy Storage (LDES) Council, an international CEO-led initiative to push for the global deployment of energy storage technologies which have eight hours or longer duration.
Emerging energy storage technologies signal radical changes for data centre power. Ed Ansett, Founder and Chairman, i3 Solutions Group, discusses the future of the data centre industry with a focus on data centre energy storage developments and emerging technologies.
Rapid technology advances are about to shift the landscape of energy storage options for data centre operators, whether running 250kW Edge Computing sites or 100MW hyperscale facilities.
From battery banks to gravity, for emergency backup discharge in seconds or long-term discharge over days, weeks and months; how energy is stored on-site and off-site has the potential to radically shake up data centre power chain design and operation.
Solutions already in use include the increasingly common Lithium-ion batteries and the familiar kinetic flywheels. Less familiar may be gravity and liquid air energy storage.
Here, we offer a high level ''What is..'' list of just some of the new and not so new technologies that are in use today and those that could find their way into the data centres of the future.
A more detailed technical analysis of data centre energy storage developments and emerging technologies will be available soon from i3 Solutions Group and EYP Mission Critical
While questions remain about how sustainable Li-ion is when measured across its entire life cycle, from sourcing raw materials to operation, disposal and recycling, the use of Li-ion battery banks in data centres of all sizes will continue to grow in the near term.
The UTI says: ''There are now dozens of companies with Li-ion recycling services or technologies'' and it advises that ''the best way for data centre operators to reduce the impact of Li-ion use will be to open a serious dialogue with suppliers.''
Meanwhile, large deployments are being planned. In late 2020, Google said: "In Belgium, we''ll soon install the first ever battery-based system for replacing generators at a hyperscale data centre batteries are multi-talented team players: when we''re not using them, they''ll be available as an asset that strengthens the broader electric grid."
Lithium is not the only battery technology option available. More sustainable battery types, with high enough energy densities, are being developed and some may start to compete as they become more cost-effective; these include flow batteries, zinc nickel and sodium-ion.
Using a less expensive and more common element than Lithium, Sodium-ion cells can be recharged in around a fifth of the time. The technology is cost-effective and sustainable, which includes using local bio-based energy sources in the battery supply chain. For example, researchers in Germany are exploring the use of local agricultural waste in sodium-ion energy storage chemistry.
Flywheels have been used to store energy for thousands of years. Today, in data centres across the world, tens of thousands of flywheels are used for short-term energy backup power.
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