
South Sudan gained its independence from Sudan on the11th of July 2011 taking with it 75% of Sudan's oil reservefields which were located in the Southern Region. South Sudan'soil sector plays a vital role in the country's economy and mostof the oil-producing assets are near or extend across the Sudan andSouth Sudan shared border. Since the split, oil production in Sudanand South Sudan declined because of continued domestic politicalinstability in both countrie
South Sudan gained its independence from Sudan on the11th of July 2011 taking with it 75% of Sudan's oilreserve fields which were located in the Southern Region. SouthSudan's oil sector plays a vital role in the country'seconomy and most of the oil-producing assets are near or extendacross the Sudan and South Sudan shared border. Since the split,oil production in Sudan and South Sudan declined because ofcontinued domestic political instability in bothcountries.1
3 Petroleum Act, Laws of South Sudan, Ch. II–V,2012. Also, Laura M. James. "Fields of Control: Oil and(In)security in Sudan and South Sudan," Small Arms Survey,HSBA working paper 40, November 2015, pg. 18. "Energy Capital& Power Re-releases Africa Energy Series: South SudanReport," Energy Capital & Power, October 8, 2021. David K ng. "Oil and Sustainable Peace in South Sudan," SouthSudan Law Society working paper, February 2015, pg. 3–5,accessed July 13, 2022.
National oil companies (NOCs) based in Asia are the majorforeign oil companies in the oil sector in South Sudan. The ChinaNational Petroleum Corporation (CNPC), India'sOil and Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC), andMalaysia's Petronas hold large stakes in the leading consortiaoperating in South Sudan. The leading consortia operating in SouthSudan are the Greater Nile Petroleum Operating Company, the DarPetroleum Operating Company, and the Sudd Petroleum OperatingCompany. 1
South Sudan launched its first-ever licensing round in 2021,offering five exploration licenses, through which the governmenthopes to attract a diverse group of foreign investors to stimulateupstream investment and increase its crude oilproduction.9 The government was to collect expressionsof interest until August 23, 2022, and will likely organizeinvestor events later in the year to provide more data andtransparency for the blocks on offer.10
During the forecast period of 2022–2027, the SouthSudanese oil and gas market is anticipated to grow at a compoundannual growth rate of almost 1.5%, rising from 134.7 thousandbarrels per day in 2021 to approximately 146.7 thousand barrels perday by 2027. The GDP index for South Sudan decreased by 1.69% in2020.11
The government of the Republic of South Sudan and the governmentof the Republic of Sudan entered into a number of agreements tocooperate across a range of areas of common interest and committedthemselves to implement these agreements, including "TheAgreement on Oil and Related Economic Matters (AOREM)," isexpected to increase political stability and drive the market."12 It is expected that the market will be drivenby the increasing investment during the projected period as aresult of greater political stability.13
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