
In 2024, electric vehicles will account for 16% of the total number of vehicles in the global car market[1]. This trend is also supported by the governments of various countries, which actively support the decarbonisation of transport systems in general and the introduction of electric vehicles in particular. According to statistics available at the end of 2022, the leading countries in terms of electric vehicle sales in the world are Western Europe and China.
The main measures to support this tendency are subsidies for the purchase of electric vehicles, tax incentives and customs duty exemptions. Thus, citizens permanently residing in Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan and the Kyrgyz Republic are granted customs duty exemption benefits. However, ownership, use and disposal of electric vehicles cannot be transferred to persons with citizenship and/or permanent residence in the Russian Federation[2].
Currently there are 269[11]charging stations across Kazakhstan, which is rather few given the country''s size, as shown in Figure 2 below. The main problem in Kazakhstan is the low number of EV charging stations outside major cities such as Almaty, Astana, Shymkent, and their absence on highways, which prevents travelling by car between cities and countries.
In large cities of Kazakhstan there is charging stations that recharge cars in garages, parking lots, charging stations and in houses. However, there is currently a ban on the installation of charging stations in residential buildings, which creates a number of inconveniences for the citizens of Kazakhstan.
So, to overcome the range anxiety of electric vehicle drivers, the key solution is to create an appropriate and efficient charging infrastructure for electric vehicles. This will help to establish drivers'' trust and reassure them that they can easily find charging stations on their route and rely on their reliability, which ultimately helps to accelerate the development of EV adoption infrastructure.
A key factor for development is the adoption of legislation and regulations that promote the development of electric vehicles and infrastructure, including safety standards, environmental requirements and economic incentives, to improve the current situation. To encourage the purchase of electric vehicles, it may be necessary to make additions-amendments to current legislation and develop regulations aimed at:
Besides creating charging station infrastructure for electric vehicles, it is important to encourage private entrepreneurs and companies to invest in renewable energy. A programme for investment in electric vehicle infrastructure could include subsidies, grants or preferential loans for private entrepreneurs and companies that wish to invest in the development of charging infrastructure. Such a programme could also combine mechanisms to encourage private investment with, for example, tax incentives or public-private partnership mechanisms.
In conclusion, the development of the electric vehicle sector in Kazakhstan requires a comprehensive approach, including the adoption of appropriate legislation to encourage investment in the infrastructure of accessible and easy-to-use charging station networks. These measures help to improve the environmental situation, reduce dependence on traditional energy sources and stimulate economic growth through innovation and the creation of new workplaces.
[1]"The world''s best-selling electric cars January 2024", José Pontes,https://cleantechnica /2024/03/05/top-selling-electric-vehicles-in-the-world-january-2024/
[6]"On measures on state support for the organisation of production of electric vehicles" Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. ПП-443 dated 19.12.2022https://lex.uz/ru/docs/6316585
[7]"On measures to expand the infrastructure for the operation of electric vehicles" Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan of 19.12.2022, No. PP-444,https://lex.uz/docs/6316595
[8]Decision of the Council of the Eurasian Economic Commission of 20 December 2017 № 107 "On Certain Issues Related to Goods for Personal Use" (Moscow) (as amended as of 09.12.2023)https://online kon /Document/?doc_id=33509536&pos=218;7#pos=218;7
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