LUT has modeled an emission-free energy system and demonstrated that the share of solar energy in Finnish energy production should rise to 10 percent by 2050. That would mean a leap from the current 635 megawatts to 35 000. Contact online >>
LUT has modeled an emission-free energy system and demonstrated that the share of solar energy in Finnish energy production should rise to 10 percent by 2050. That would mean a leap from the current 635 megawatts to 35 000.
Finland aims to become carbon neutral by 2035, putting it fourth in the world and ahead of every other country in Europe. Nuclear is already a key part of its energy mix, but it is working hard to scale up wind and solar capacity.
This Government Report presents the national plan on how Finland will adapt to the impacts of the changing climate in 2023–2030. The National Climate Change Adaptation Plan is part of the climate policy planning system under the Climate Act. The plan also implements Finland''s international climate obligations, in particular
Finland has long, cold, and dark winters, which makes the country a difficult environment for large-scale solar energy development. However, Child et al. 36 suggest that energy storage technology could facilitate high penetrations of solar PV and other forms of variable RE.
• The current status and operational environment and challenges of solar energy market in Finland. • Future trends and developments in solar energy in Finland. • Value network description with key companies. • Conclusions on solar energy/power related business opportunities and related investments to Finland.
After the purchase and installment costs of the solar panels, the production of solar energy costs nothing: there''s enough sunlight to go around, and utilizing it doesn''t pollute or make noise. In Southern Finland, a solar panel with a surface area of one hectare has an energy production potential equivalent to 330 hectares of forest, which has an annual yield of ten cubic meters per hectare.
"Converting the radiant energy of the sun to electricity with photovoltaic cells is 200–400 times more efficient than forest biomass conversion in a power plant," Kosonen compares.
Solar energy is available in Finland also during the winter. Façade installations work well in the Nordic countries because the sun is very low and vertical installations don''t gather snow. Wall panels produce a great deal of energy on sunny winter days – especially in March, when the sun is out more and the snow reflects light, increasing radiation in the direction of the panels.
New buildings require some type of cladding, so why not solar panels? The price of panels has dropped, which means they no longer need to be installed in an optimal angle to maximize annual production efficiency.
Closer to the equator, the sun shines directly overhead, making wall installations unprofitable. In Finland, however, the optimal installation angle in terms of annual production is rather steep. It''s an ace up the Nordic sleeve when it comes to installation possibilities.
The share of solar power in Finnish electricity production is approaching one percent and won''t stop there: plans are in place to build several solar farms in Finland, each with hundreds of megawatts of production capacity. In addition, Finland''s transmission system operator Fingrid has received wind and solar power connection enquiries amounting to a total capacity of over 100 megawatts. Fingrid assesses that by 2030, the overall solar power plant capacity in Finland may climb to seven gigawatts.
Finland still produces fairly little solar electricity compared to leading European countries. The Netherlands, in contrast, produce over seven times more per capita.
"Solar electricity should be taken into account in building architecture because it''s the simplest and most affordable way to produce electricity locally," says LUT University''s Associate Professor Antti Kosonen.
LUT University has investigated how the profitability of solar electricity could be improved in different types of buildings in Finland. Researchers have debunked myths related to the orientation and dimensioning of solar photovoltaic systems and sales of surplus electricity.
Global capacity has doubled, which has led prices of modules to fall as much as 20 percent. In other words, when capacity doubles, prices plunge one fifth. The strong decline in prices of solar power systems has made solar electricity the least costly new form of electricity production nearly everywhere in the world.A full terawatt was first produced in March 2022, and a similar production peak is expected within the next three years.
Moreover, LUT''s Professor Christian Breyer estimates that a completely carbon-neutral electricity system based on renewable energy sources would be possible by the year 2050. He expects the global solar panel capacity to increase by 440 gigawatts annually up to the year 2030.
In Finland, solar electricity has so far been a financially competitive alternative only if the self-consumption rate has been high. Now, however, the situation is changing, as solar farms are being built to produce electricity to sell directly to the main grid.
Globally speaking, solar energy generation is a massive business. Only a few years ago, Europe was the leader in solar energy, but now, competitors from the east and west are taking over: the largest solar electricity producers are now China, the US and Japan.
Areas with the most favorable conditions can produce roughly twice the solar electricity that Finland does. In the best areas, the total radiant energy is about 2500 kWh per square meter a year. In Finland, the corresponding figure is approximately 900 kWh per square meter – slightly more in the most southern parts and slightly less up north.
At an annual level, however, Finland gets roughly as much sunshine as countries such as Germany or Denmark.However,Germany produces 110 times more solar electricity than Finland, Denmark five times more, and Sweden four times more.
LUT has modeled an emission-free energy system and demonstrated that the share of solar energy in Finnish energy production should rise to 10 percent by 2050. That would mean a leap from the current 635 megawatts to 35 000. The rooftop potential of all Finnish buildings (residential, administrative, industrial) is about 34 000 megawatts. In other words, there is a great deal of untapped potential atop our buildings to further the green transition.
The sun is a fusion reactor that produces energy free of charge. The fusion turns hydrogen into helium and releases large amounts of energy. All stars in the universe work the same way. The released helium is waste from the fusion process, and there is enough room in the universe for as much of it as the sun can yield. Assessments suggest that the sun''s lifespan is about five billion years, which means it will power many generations to come.
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