Lithium is nearly 15x lighter than iron, 13x lighter than zinc, 21x lighter than lead, and more than 4x lighter than graphite; It also provides the highest advantage in voltage Contact online >>
Lithium is nearly 15x lighter than iron, 13x lighter than zinc, 21x lighter than lead, and more than 4x lighter than graphite; It also provides the highest advantage in voltage
Over the past 10 years, as the energy density of Li-ion batteries has increased ~ 10%/year and the price has dropped more than 10x, society has adopted this transformational technology as an energy storage alternative in combination with solar panels and electric vehicles. While this trend has already begun, the industry desires a safe alternative to Li-ion without the low-energy-density drawbacks of water-based NiMH.
Solid state technology faces many technical and monetary challenges as well as opposition from the already functioning liquid electrolyte cell technology. We expect that this next generation battery will slowly solve these problems and start entering markets. The question is – how fast will this process occur?
Was the Baghdad Battery a medical device, a religious artifact, or the first known instance of a battery? Explore the theories and experiments that attempt to uncover the function of this 2000-year-old enigma.
Electrochemical storage technologies are essential to modern life, fueling everything from smartphones to sustainable transportation. Yet, the roots of this technology extend deep into antiquity, far beyond today’s lithium-ion marvels. The so-called Baghdad Battery is among the most mysterious artifacts in the annals of ancient technology.
Unearthed in 1936 near the ruins of Ctesiphon, this assembly of a ceramic pot, copper tube, and iron rod presents a puzzle that has baffled the scientific community for nearly a century.
Was it an ancient tool for electrochemical energy storage, or does its significance lie elsewhere? The debate continues, as does the quest to unlock the secrets of our electrochemical past.
The Baghdad Battery was discovered in 1936 at Khujut Rabu, near Baghdad, Iraq, not far from the historical metropolis of Ctesiphon, the capital city during both the Parthian (150 BC – 223 AD) and Sasanian (224–650 AD) empires.
The artifact consists of a ceramic pot about 140 mm tall, a copper tube created from a rolled copper sheet, and an iron rod centrally positioned within the copper tube. This unusual assembly has led to significant debate regarding its purpose and origins.
In 1938, Wilhelm König, then the director of the National Museum of Iraq, posited a theory that captured the imagination of many. He suggested that these artifacts could be remnants of a galvanic cell, potentially used for electroplating or electrotherapy. This hypothesis was inspired by the object’s design and materials, which are conducive to creating a galvanic reaction when an acidic or electrolytic solution is added.
The Baghdad Battery continues to spark diverse theories regarding its purpose, ranging from practical to spiritual applications, reflecting the enigmatic nature of its design and construction.
Some scholars suggest that the Baghdad Battery may have been used to electroplate precious metals like gold or silver onto less valuable objects. However, no known electroplated objects from the same period exist.
The use of asphalt as a sealant and evidence of corrosive properties inside the jar indicates that it may have contained an acidic substance, such as vinegar or wine, which could have served as the electrolytic solution needed for electroplating.
The potential medical applications of the Baghdad Battery include electrotherapy, which might have been used for pain relief and other treatments. This theory gains support from the discovery of bronze and iron needles alongside the batteries in Seleucia, suggesting they could have been used for acupuncture practices known in China at the time.
Additionally, historical records indicate that ancient Greeks and Romans may have used electric fish to treat ailments such as headaches and gout, indicating familiarity with electrical treatments.
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