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Aguilar-Jiménez, J.A.; Hernández-Callejo, L.; Suástegui-Macías, J.A.; Alonso Gómez, V.; García-Álvaro, A.; Maján-Navalón, R.; Obregón, L.J. Energy and Economic Analysis of Renewable Energy-Based Isolated Microgrids with AGM and Lithium Battery Energy Storage: Case Study Bigene, Guinea-Bissau. Urban Sci. 2023, 7, 66. https://doi /10.3390/urbansci7020066
Aguilar-Jiménez JA, Hernández-Callejo L, Suástegui-Macías JA, Alonso Gómez V, García-Álvaro A, Maján-Navalón R, Obregón LJ. Energy and Economic Analysis of Renewable Energy-Based Isolated Microgrids with AGM and Lithium Battery Energy Storage: Case Study Bigene, Guinea-Bissau. Urban Science. 2023; 7(2):66. https://doi /10.3390/urbansci7020066
Aguilar-Jiménez, Jesús Armando, Luis Hernández-Callejo, José Alejandro Suástegui-Macías, Victor Alonso Gómez, Alfonso García-Álvaro, Raúl Maján-Navalón, and Lilian Johanna Obregón. 2023. "Energy and Economic Analysis of Renewable Energy-Based Isolated Microgrids with AGM and Lithium Battery Energy Storage: Case Study Bigene, Guinea-Bissau" Urban Science 7, no. 2: 66. https://doi /10.3390/urbansci7020066
Aguilar-Jiménez, J. A., Hernández-Callejo, L., Suástegui-Macías, J. A., Alonso Gómez, V., García-Álvaro, A., Maján-Navalón, R., & Obregón, L. J. (2023). Energy and Economic Analysis of Renewable Energy-Based Isolated Microgrids with AGM and Lithium Battery Energy Storage: Case Study Bigene, Guinea-Bissau. Urban Science, 7(2), 66. https://doi /10.3390/urbansci7020066
Every year the world runs more and more on batteries. Electric vehicles passed 10% of global vehicle sales in 2022, and they''re on track to reach 30% by the end of this decade.
Policies around the world are only going to accelerate this growth: recent climate legislation in the US is pumping billions into battery manufacturing and incentives for EV purchases. The European Union, and several states in the US, passed bans on gas-powered vehicles starting in 2035.
Most EVs today are powered by lithium-ion batteries, a decades-old technology that''s also used in laptops and cell phones. All those years of development have helped push prices down and improve performance, so today''s EVs are approaching the price of gas-powered cars and can go for hundreds of miles between charges. Lithium-ion batteries are also finding new applications, including electricity storage on the grid that can help balance out intermittent renewable power sources like wind and solar.
But there is still lots of room for improvement. Academic labs and companies alike are hunting for ways to improve the technology—boosting capacity, speeding charging time, and cutting costs. The goal is even cheaper batteries that will provide cheap storage for the grid and allow EVs to travel far greater distances on a charge.
At the same time, concerns about supplies of key battery materials like cobalt and lithium are pushing a search for alternatives to the standard lithium-ion chemistry.
In the midst of the soaring demand for EVs and renewable power and an explosion in battery development, one thing is certain: batteries will play a key role in the transition to renewable energy. Here''s what to expect in 2023.
One advance to keep an eye on this year is in so-called solid-state batteries. Lithium-ion batteries and related chemistries use a liquid electrolyte that shuttles charge around; solid-state batteries replace this liquid with ceramics or other solid materials.
This swap unlocks possibilities that pack more energy into a smaller space, potentially improving the range of electric vehicles. Solid-state batteries could also move charge around faster, meaning shorter charging times. And because some solvents used in electrolytes can be flammable, proponents of solid-state batteries say they improve safety by cutting fire risk.
Solid-state batteries can use a wide range of chemistries, but a leading candidate for commercialization uses lithium metal. Quantumscape, for one, is focused on that technology and raised hundreds of millions in funding before going public in 2020. The company has a deal with Volkswagen that could put its batteries in cars by 2025.
But completely reinventing batteries has proved difficult, and lithium-metal batteries have seen concerns about degradation over time, as well as manufacturing challenges. Quantumscape announced in late December it had delivered samples to automotive partners for testing, a significant milestone on the road to getting solid-state batteries into cars. Other solid-state-battery players, like Solid Power, are also working to build and test their batteries. But while they could reach major milestones this year as well, their batteries won''t make it into vehicles on the road in 2023.
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